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    November 30

    使徒信經

     

    使徒信經(Apostles'Creed)

    引言

    《使徒信經》在主後二至九世紀成形,是基督徒敬拜中使用最廣的信經。核心是三位一體的教義,分為三個部分:聖父上帝與創造的教義,聖子上帝與救贖的教義,聖靈上帝與成聖的教義。

    傳說這是使徒們在基督升天第十日的時候寫下的,因此被稱為《使徒信經》。又據教會最早的遺傳說,使徒們在耶路撒冷五旬節的經驗後,在他們分散四方傳播福音以前,為求大家教訓的一致,便由十二個使徒從彼得開始到馬提亞,各貢獻一條,就是使徒信經中的十二條規定。此事現在無法考證,但其中的每一教義都可以在使徒時代的教導中發現。

    此信經在基督徒的信仰和生活中所具有的權威,僅居於聖經之下,被稱為信經的信經。它用聖經的文字和精義概括了得救所必需的基要信仰。教會在慕道友的最後預備過程中將它教授他們,並叫他們在受洗的時候宣認,又在個人靈修的時候念誦,在公共敬拜的時候集體告白。路德認為基督教真理不能有比它更簡短和更清晰的陳述了。加爾文認為它是基督教信仰對聖經最可欽佩的最為可靠的摘要。它比其他信條更宜於教導和崇拜之用。自古及今,《使徒信經》一直是基督教各教會、各宗派之間的共同信經,是彼此之間相通的基礎。

    此信經乃根據教會的需要而制定的。在早期教會中,信徒受洗加入教會之前所需要的基本真理教導,即以此信經為準則。一般教會的教導也以此為根基,而教會信仰之純正與否也以是否符合信經的教導為考核。在早期教會受逼迫時,信徒皆秘密地信守此信經,直至逼迫結束。而何時成為公共崇拜的一部分則不可考。也有人認為信經具有辯證的性質:撒伯流派(Sabellianism) 宣稱聖父、聖子、聖靈是獨一神之三種顯示;馬吉安(Marcion) 否定基督道成肉身及復活;諾斯底派(Gnosticism) 不承認基督有身體;多納徒派(Donatism) 不接納大公教會;使徒信經清楚指出以上各派之錯誤。

     

    使徒信經

    我信上帝,全能的父,創造天地的主。
    我信我主耶穌基督,上帝獨生的子;
    因聖靈感孕,由童貞女馬利亞所生;
    在本丟彼拉多手下受難,被釘於十字架,受死,埋葬;
    降在陰間;第三天從死人中復活;
    升天,坐在全能父上帝的右邊;
    將來必從那裏降臨,審判活人,死人。
    我信聖靈;
    我信聖而公之教會;我信聖徒相通;
    我信罪得赦免;
    我信身體復活;
    我信永生。阿們!

     

    The Apostles' Creed

    I believe in God, the Father almighty,
          creator of heaven and earth.

    I believe in Jesus Christ, God's only Son, our Lord,
          who was conceived by the Holy Spirit,
          born of the Virgin Mary,
          suffered under Pontius Pilate,
          was crucified, died, and was buried;
          he descended to the dead.
          On the third day he rose again;
          he ascended into heaven,
          he is seated at the right hand of the Father,
          and he will come again to judge the living and the dead.

    I believe in the Holy Spirit,
          the holy catholic Church,
          the communion of saints,
          the forgiveness of sins,
          the resurrection of the body,
          and the life everlasting. Amen.

     

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